Osmeriformes
Rainbow Smelt, Osmerus mordax
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Animalia   Phylum: Chordata   Class: Actinopterygii   Order: Osmeriformes
Suborders
Argentinoidei Osmeroidei See text for families.

Osmeriformes is an order of ray-finned fish that includes various kinds of smelts, noodlefishes, and the odd-looking barreleyes. The order consists of fourteen families with about 240 species total.

Characteristics of the order include the maxilla in the gape of the mouth, radii absent from the scales, and loss of the basisphenoid and orbitosphenoid bones. Almost all osmeriforms spawn in fresh water, but many are anadromous and found in temperate oceans worldwide.

The Argentinoidei are characterized by the presence of a crumenal organ, consisting of additional cartilage and gill rakers on the 5th ceratobranchial, while the Osmeroidea are notable for having their eggs surrounded by an adhesive membrane. Some classifications split the Argentinoidei genera Holtbyrnia, Maulsia, and Pellisolus out of the Platytroctidae family and into their own family called Searsiidae.

Classification

• Suborder Argentinoidei
  • Superfamily Alepocephaloidea
    • Alepocephalidae (slickheads)
      Leptochilichthyidae
      Platytroctidae
  • Superfamily Argentinoidea
    • Argentinidae (herring smelts)
      Bathylagidae (deep-sea smelts)
      Microstomatidae
      Opisthoproctidae (barreleyes)
• Suborder Osmeroidei
  • Superfamily Galaxoidea
    • Galaxiidae
      Lepidogalaxiidae (salamanderfishes)
      Retropinnidae (New Zealand smelts)
  • Superfamily Osmeroidea
    • Osmeridae (smelts)
      Plecoglossidae (ayu fishes)
      Salangidae (noodlefishes)

References

• "Osmeriformes". FishBase. Ed. Ranier Froese and Daniel Pauly. January 2006 version. N.p.: FishBase, 2006.
• Osmeriformes (TSN 553133). Integrated Taxonomic Information System.
• J. S. Nelson, Fishes of the World